Kalidasa's portrayal of King Dushyanta in Abhijnanashakuntalam

King Dushyanta in Abhijnanashakuntalam

Q. Write a critical note on Kalidasa's portrayal of King Dushyanta in Abhijnanashakuntalam

Answer: Kalidasa's portrayal of King Dushyanta in Abhijnanashakuntalam is a complex one, and has been the subject of much critical analysis. While some scholars have praised Kalidasa's depiction of Dushyanta as a noble and just ruler, others have criticized the character for his impulsive behavior and lack of moral responsibility.

One of the main criticisms of Dushyanta's portrayal is that he is often portrayed as impulsive and prone to rash decisions. This is perhaps most evident in his initial encounter with Shakuntala, where he falls in love with her at first sight and immediately decides to marry her. While this may seem romantic on the surface, it is also indicative of Dushyanta's tendency to act on his impulses without considering the consequences.

Another criticism of Dushyanta's character is that he often appears to lack moral responsibility. This is perhaps best exemplified in his treatment of Shakuntala, whom he initially marries but later forgets due to a curse. While Dushyanta eventually remembers Shakuntala and is reunited with her, the fact that he forgets her in the first place suggests a lack of moral responsibility and a failure to take his commitments seriously.

At the same time, however, there are also elements of Dushyanta's character that are more positive. For example, he is often depicted as a just ruler who is concerned with the welfare of his subjects. He is also shown to be a skilled warrior and a devoted father to his son, Bharata.

Besides, one of the key themes in Abhijnanashakuntalam is the tension between duty and desire, and this is reflected in the character of Dushyanta. On the one hand, he is a dutiful king who is concerned with maintaining order and justice in his kingdom. On the other hand, he is a passionate lover who is willing to risk everything for the woman he loves. This tension between duty and desire is ultimately resolved when Dushyanta realizes that his duty to his kingdom and his duty to his family are not mutually exclusive, and that he can fulfill both obligations without compromising his principles.

Another aspect of Dushyanta's character that is often discussed in critical analyses is his development throughout the play. At the beginning of the play, he is depicted as a somewhat impulsive and self-centered character who is focused on his own desires. However, as the play progresses, he begins to mature and develop a greater sense of responsibility and compassion. This is perhaps most evident in his treatment of Shakuntala after she has been cursed and forgotten by him. Rather than abandoning her, he actively seeks to find her and make amends for his past mistakes.

Overall, while there are certainly criticisms to be made of Dushyanta's character in Abhijnanashakuntalam, it is also a nuanced and complex portrayal that reflects the broader themes of the play. As a result, the character continues to be a subject of fascination and debate among scholars of Indian literature and culture.

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