Sukumar Ray's poem, Abol Tabol: The Early 20th Century Society

Sukumar Ray's poem, Abol Tabol: The Early 20th Century Society

Q. Write an essay on the early 20th century society as depicted in Abol Tabol.

Answer: Sukumar Ray, a renowned Bengali poet, writer, and playwright, left an indelible mark on literature with his whimsical and satirical collection of poems titled "Abol Tabol." Published in 1923, this masterpiece provides a fascinating insight into the social milieu of the early 20th century, capturing the essence of a society in flux. Through his clever use of language, wit, and humor, Sukumar Ray sheds light on the various facets of society, offering a satirical commentary that is both entertaining and thought-provoking.

Social Dynamics:

One of the prominent themes in "Abol Tabol" is the exploration of societal norms and dynamics. Ray employs his mastery over language to present a satirical critique of the prevalent social norms, customs, and practices of his time. The poems unravel the paradoxes and absurdities within society, challenging conventional wisdom and questioning the rationale behind certain behaviors.

The Caste System:

Ray's keen observations are evident in his treatment of the caste system, a deeply ingrained social structure in early 20th-century India. In the poem "Khokababur Pratyabartan," he uses humor to expose the rigid boundaries and absurdities associated with caste distinctions. Through the character of Khokababu, a crow aspiring to change his caste, Ray highlights the absurdity of a system that determines one's worth based on birth rather than merit.

Colonial Influence:

The influence of British colonial rule is another theme that permeates through "Abol Tabol." In "Ghum Bhanga Bhooter Galpo," Ray employs the supernatural to satirize the British colonial presence. The ghost, representative of the colonial power, is humorously portrayed as a figure that disrupts the tranquility of the night. This metaphorical representation serves as a subtle commentary on the impact of colonialism on Indian society.

Technological Advancements:

The early 20th century witnessed rapid technological advancements, and Ray skillfully integrates this theme into his work. In "Telephone," he humorously explores the novelty and challenges posed by the telephone, a modern invention at the time. Through witty wordplay and clever rhymes, Ray captures the excitement, confusion, and apprehension surrounding technological progress, offering a humorous reflection on society's evolving relationship with technology.

Conclusion:

Sukumar Ray's "Abol Tabol" stands as a timeless testament to his literary genius and keen social observations. Through his satirical lens, he unveils the intricacies of early 20th-century society, tackling issues such as the caste system, colonial influence, and technological advancements. Ray's ability to blend humor with social commentary makes "Abol Tabol" not only an enjoyable literary work but also a mirror reflecting the societal nuances of its time. As the readers delve into the whimsical world of Ray's poetry, they are invited to ponder the absurdities of the past while recognizing the enduring relevance of his insights in understanding the complexities of human society.

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